初识K8S

linuxdocker

Master服务

安装kubernetes

官网下载kubernetes

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tar -xvf kubernetes.tar.gz  -C /opt/

下载 Client Binaries，Server Binaries

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uname -s -m  #获取版本官网下载或执行下面命令下载
bash /opt/kubernetes/cluster/get-kube-binaries.sh

Kubernetes release: v1.11.0

Server: linux/amd64 (to override, set KUBERNETES_SERVER_ARCH)

Client: linux/amd64 (autodetected)

Will download kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz from https://dl.k8s.io/v1.11.0

Will download and extract kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz from https://dl.k8s.io/v1.11.0

Is this ok? [Y]/n

kubernetes-server

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tar -tf   kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  #查看文件
tar -xvf   kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz  -C /opt/kubernetes/   --strip-components 1

kubernetes-client

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tar -tf   kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -xvf   kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz  -C /opt/kubernetes/   --strip-components 1

执行文件(配置文件可以直接路径)

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sudo ln -s /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver  /usr/bin/
sudo ln -s /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager  /usr/bin/
sudo ln -s /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler  /usr/bin/

准备依赖服务 etcd

etcd releases下载 如果s3.amazonaws.com下不动。。。

被墙了 被墙了 被墙了

go 编译

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#mkdir -p $GOPATH/src/go.etcd.io/ 
#cd $GOPATH/src/go.etcd.io/
#git https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd.git
cs@debian:~/gopath/etcd$ ./bulid

can’t load package: package go.etcd.io/etcd: cannot find package “go.etcd.io/etcd” in any of:

/opt/go/src/go.etcd.io/etcd (from $GOROOT)

/home/cs/gopath/src/go.etcd.io/etcd (from $GOPATH)

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$GOPATH/bin/etcd   #运行
$ ETCDCTL_API=3 ./bin/etcdctl put foo bar
OK
创建用户
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sudo groupadd  -g 995 etcd
sudo useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -c "etcd user" -u 995 etcd -g  etcd
sduo mkdir -p /etc/etcd 
sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/etcd 
sudo chown -R etcd.etcd /var/lib/etcd
etcd.service
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[Unit] 
Description=Etcd Server 
After=network.target 
After=network-online.target 
Wants=network-online.target 
 
[Service] 
Type=notify 
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd/ 
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/etcd/etcd.conf 
User=etcd 
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors 
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /usr/bin/etcd --name=\"${ETCD_NAME}\" --data-dir=\"${ETCD_DATA_DIR}\" --listen-client-urls=\"${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\"" 
Restart=on-failure 
LimitNOFILE=65536 
 
[Install] 
WantedBy=multi-user.target

sudo systemctl start etcd.service

该命令启动不了 /bin/bash -c “GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /usr/bin/etcd –name=\”${ETCD_NAME}\” –data-dir=\”${ETCD_DATA_DIR}\” –listen-client-urls=\”${ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS}\””

sudo systemctl status etcd.service

**bash[9841]: run the stateless etcd v3 gRPC L7 reverse proxy

debian systemd[1]: etcd.service: main process exited, code=exited, status=2/INVALIDARGUMENT

debian systemd[1]: Failed to start Etcd Server.
**

设置etcd
ExecStart=/opt/etcd-v3.3.9/etcd

启动etcd服务
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temp="etcd.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp

● etcd.service - Etcd Server

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/etcd.service; enabled)

Active: active (running) since 六 2018-09-08 14:53:26 CST; 5min ago
Main PID: 804 (etcd)

CGroup: /system.slice/etcd.service

└─804 /opt/etcd-v3.3.9/etcd

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./etcdctl cluster-health

member 8e9e05c52164694d is healthy: got healthy result from http://localhost:2379

cluster is healthy

kube-apiserver

创建用户
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sudo groupadd -g 996 kube
sudo useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -c "kube user" -u 996 kube -g kube
sudo mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes
sudo mkdir -p /usr/libexec/kubernetes
sudo chown -R kube.kube /usr/libexec/kubernetes
sudo chown -R kube.kube /var/run/kubernetes
kube-apiserver.service
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[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes
#Dependent service
After=etcd.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/apiserver
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver $KUBE_API_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

1.error creating self-signed certificates: mkdir /var/run/kubernetes: permission denied

2.error: –etcd-servers must be specified

配置

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sudo cat>/etc/kubernetes/apiserver<<EOF
KUBE_API_ARGS="--etcd-servers=http://localhost:2379 --insecure-bind-address=0.0.0.0 --insecure-port=8080 --service-cluster-ip-range=169.169.0.0/16 --service-node-port-range=1-65535 --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,SecurityContextDeny,ResourceQuota --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
EOF

–etcd-servers：就是etcd的地址。

–insecure-bind-address：apiserver绑定主机的非安全IP地址，设置0.0.0.0表示绑定所有IP地址。

–insecure-port：apiserver绑定主机的非安全端口，默认为8080。

–service-cluster-ip-range：Kubernetes集群中Service的虚拟IP地址段范围，以CIDR格式表示，该IP范围不能与物理机真实IP段有重合。

-service-node-port-range：Kubernetes集群中Service可映射的物理机端口范围，默认为30000~32767.

–admission-control： Kubernetes集群的准入控制设置，各控制模块以插件形式依次生效。

–logtostderr：设置为false表示将日志写入文件，不写入stderr。

–log-dir： 日志目录。

–v：日志级别。

更多参数查看官方文档

启动
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temp="kube-apiserver.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp

● kube-apiserver.service - Kubernetes API Server

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service; disabled)

Active: active (running) since 六 2018-09-08 15:42:02 CST; 2s ago
Docs: https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

Main PID: 3560 (kube-apiserver)

CGroup: /system.slice/kube-apiserver.service

└─3560 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-apiserver –etcd-servers=http://localhost:2379 …….

kube-controller-manager

kube-controller-manager.service
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[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=kube-apiserver.service
Requires=kube-apiserver.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
User=kube
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager $KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置

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sudo touch /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager && sudo  chmod 757 /etc/kubernetes/controller-manager
cat>/etc/kubernetes/controller-manager<<EOF
KUBE_CONTROLLER_MANAGER_ARGS="--master=http://192.168.56.101:8080 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2" 
EOF
启动
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temp="kube-controller-manager.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp

● kube-controller-manager.service - Kubernetes Scheduler Plugin

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service; disabled)

Active: active (running) since 六 2018-09-08 16:54:32 CST; 2s ago

Docs: https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

Main PID: 5980 (kube-controller)

CGroup: /system.slice/kube-controller-manager.service

└─5980 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-controller-manager –master=http://localhost:8080 ……

kube-scheduler

kube-scheduler.service
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[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes
After=kube-apiserver.service
Requires=kube-apiserver.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=/etc/kubernetes/scheduler
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler $KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置

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sudo touch /etc/kubernetes/scheduler && sudo  chmod 757 /etc/kubernetes/scheduler
cat>/etc/kubernetes/scheduler<<EOF
KUBE_SCHEDULER_ARGS="--master=http://localhost:8080 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
EOF
启动
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temp="kube-scheduler.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp

● kube-scheduler.service - Kubernetes Scheduler Manager

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service; disabled)

Active: active (running) since 六 2018-09-08 17:02:09 CST; 7s ago

Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes
Main PID: 6340 (kube-scheduler)

CGroup: /system.slice/kube-scheduler.service

└─6340 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-scheduler –master=http://localhost:8080 ……

Node节点服务

kubelet

kubelet.service
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[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=-/var/lib/kubelet
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet $KUBELET_ARGS  
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

kubelet.service holdoff time over, scheduling restart

配置

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sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/kubelet
sudo touch /etc/kubernetes/kubelet && sudo  chmod 757 /etc/kubernetes/kubelet
cat>/etc/kubernetes/kubelet<<EOF
KUBELET_ARGS="--kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig --hostname-override=127.0.0.1 --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
EOF

–kubeconfig代替了–api-servers

–require-kubeconfig 1.7版开始默认true

Kubernetes 1.8开始要求关闭系统的Swap

启动
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temp="kubelet.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp

● kubelet.service - Kubernetes Kubelet Server

Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service; disabled)

Active: active (running) since 二 2018-09-11 18:34:48 CST; 29ms ago

Docs: https://github.com/kubernetes
Main PID: 9018 (kubelet)

CGroup: /system.slice/kubelet.service

└─9018 /opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kubelet –kubeconfig=/etc/kubernetes/kubeconfig –hostname-override=127.0.0.1 –logtostderr=false –log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes –v=2 –cgroup-driver=systemd

kube-proxy

kube-proxy.service
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[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxt Server
Documentation=https://github.com/kubernetes
After=network.target
Requires=network.target

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/etc/kubernetes/proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/server/bin/kube-proxy $KUBE_PROXY_ARGS
Restart=on-failure
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

配置

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sudo touch /etc/kubernetes/proxy && sudo  chmod 757 /etc/kubernetes/proxy
cat>/etc/kubernetes/proxy<<EOF
KUBE_PROXY_ARGS="--master=http://localhost:8080  --logtostderr=false --log-dir=/var/log/kubernetes --v=2"
EOF
启动
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temp="kube-proxy.service"
sudo cp $temp /lib/systemd/system
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable $temp
sudo systemctl start $temp
sudo systemctl status $temp
./kubectl get cs
./kubectl get node

本文标题:初识K8S

文章作者: 阿帅

发布时间:2018年09月07日 - 12时36分

最后更新:2024年03月02日 - 19时11分

原始链接:https://chengshea.github.io/linux/k8s/%E5%88%9D%E8%AF%86K8S/

许可协议: "署名-非商用-相同方式共享 3.0" 转载请保留原文链接及作者。

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文章目录
  1. 1. Master服务
    1. 1.1. 安装kubernetes
    2. 1.2. 准备依赖服务 etcd
      1. 1.2.1. 创建用户
      2. 1.2.2. etcd.service
      3. 1.2.3. 启动etcd服务
    3. 1.3. kube-apiserver
      1. 1.3.1. 创建用户
      2. 1.3.2. kube-apiserver.service
      3. 1.3.3. 启动
    4. 1.4. kube-controller-manager
      1. 1.4.1. kube-controller-manager.service
      2. 1.4.2. 启动
    5. 1.5. kube-scheduler
      1. 1.5.1. kube-scheduler.service
      2. 1.5.2. 启动
  2. 2. Node节点服务
    1. 2.1. kubelet
      1. 2.1.1. kubelet.service
      2. 2.1.2. 启动
    2. 2.2. kube-proxy
      1. 2.2.1. kube-proxy.service
      2. 2.2.2. 启动
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